PEM electrolyzers have emerged as a promising technology for the environmentally friendly production of hydrogen. These devices utilize a proton exchange membrane (PEM) to divide water into its constituent molecules: oxygen and hydrogen. The PEM acts as a permeable barrier, allowing protons to migrate across while blocking the passage of ions. This

PEM electrolyzer technology has undergone significant developments in recent years, driven by the growing demand for clean and sustainable energy solutions. These advancements feature improvements in catalyst materials, membrane performance, and system design. As a result, PEM electrolyzers are becoming increasingly attractive for various applicati